614 876-9187 (home)
614 793-7275 (work)
keith_shafer@stercomm.com
Doctor of Philosophy. Computer Science, distributed systems major, with minors in
database systems and the theory of computation. The
Master of Science. Computer Science,
University Fellow. The
Bachelor of Arts. Computer
Science/Mathematics double major, Valedictorian, Summa
Cum Laude, Phi Delta Lambda, Alpha Chi, 4.0 GPA.
Vice President and Chief Engineering Scientist, Sterling Commerce,
Vice President and General Manager, Financial Services Emerging Business
Opportunities, Sterling Commerce,
Vice President, SoftwareDevelopment,
Director, Software Infrastructure, Global Development, Sterling
Commerce,
Senior Software Architect, Sterling Commerce,
Consulting Research Scientist III (Jan 2000-Sept 2000), Consulting Research Scientist II (1998-1999), Consulting Research Scientist (1997-1998) Senior Research Scientist (1994-1997), Office of Research, OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc., Dublin, Ohio.
Initiated and managed Open Name Services, a research project separating names from Web-based services on those names. This project helps bring established names into the digital arena. Names became a Foundation Project of OCLC's Strategic 2000 Plan.
Managed Pears database engine research and initial
development. Pears was written totally in Java
and supports Unicode from the ground up. Long term, Pears is expected to
replace
Worked on FirstSearch 5.0 Performance team. Researched performance issues ranging from transaction I/O rates, disk subsystems, application memory usage, holdings server use and transaction modification, to database processing, backup, and recovery. FirstSearch 5.0 was written in Java and planned to initially support 3400 simultaneous users.
Managed the Cooperative Online Resource Catalogue (CORC) system development from inception. Brought CORC online January 15, 1999 and successfully transitioned CORC from Research to traditional Development by July 1, 1999. Built CORC using the Mantis toolkit, described next.
Created and led Mantis, a project researching automated systems for creating and managing electronic metadata. Mantis is a toolkit for building Web-based cataloging systems with arbitrary metadata definitions and interfaces. By building tools that only require end users to have standard Web browsers, Mantis lowers the barriers to acceptance, distribution, and use of these tools. By emphasizing that metadata can assume many different formats, Mantis shows that generalized metadata tools can be used for many applications.
Mantis has already been used as the basis of the OCLC Cooperative Online Resource Catalogue (CORC) project, OCLC Institute Metadata courses, several Dublin Core projects, and the OCLC SiteSearch Record Builder package released in the Fall of 1999. Mantis is written in Java and uses the W3C Resource Description Framework (RDF) as a modeling standard and XML to support varied and differing metadata applications. (Received an OCLC President's award for the Mantis work.)
Initiated and led Scorpion, a research project exploring the indexing and cataloging of electronic resources. Since subject information is key to advanced retrieval, browsing, and clustering, the primary focus of Scorpion is the building of tools for automatic subject recognition based on well known schemes like Dewey Decimal Classification.
Directed research effort to replace OCLC proprietary portions of WebZ (the OCLC SiteSearch stateful, Z39.50 HTTP server). This resulted in the development of the Java Server Side Interpreter (JaSSI). JaSSI has moved to Development and is central to the architecture of SiteSearch 4.0.
Began and led Kilroy, a research project building an Internet harvester, full text databases, and metadata databases of Internet resources. Via Kilroy, we are studying several aspects of the changing state of Internet resources including end user access to Internet search services, link analysis, and the automatic generation of metadata.
Led several efforts in Internet naming. Principle investigator on two Universal Resource Name (URN) Internet Draft Proposals. These proposals positioned URN schemes as successors to the wildly popular Universal Resource Locator (URL) scheme used by the World Wide Web and associated browsers. This work resulted in the development of PURLs.
Directed the deployment of the OCLC Persistent URL (PURL) Service and related tools. The PURL service is an interim step toward URN deployment and Internet cataloging. PURLs use the current HTTP protocol and require no change to current browsers. The OCLC PURL Service has been running since January 1996. Through September 2000, the OCLC PURL Service has serviced more than 19,663,000 requests by over 1,299,000 unique clients for the more than 564,500 local PURLs. The PURL source code has been downloaded by over 1,525 external sites.
Managed the OCLC Library and Information Science Research Grant program, 1993-1997. Directed the solicitation of proposals, proposal reviews, awarding of funds, and grant management. During this period, fifteen grants were awarded worth over $122,000.
Managed the OCLC Visiting Distinguished Scholar program, 1992-1998. Directed research projects conducted by visiting scholars on sabbatical leave at OCLC. Scholars and topics include: Traugott Koch, 1998, Classification schemes in Internet resource description and discovery. John Richardson Jr., 1996-1997, Automating the process of question answering: Enhancing Reference Service via intelligent access to OCLC's OLUC. F.W. Lancaster, 1994, Networked electronic publishing of the results of academic research. Shoichi Taniguchi, 1993-1994, Developing programmatic tools to analyze the characteristics and internal structure of current cataloging rules from multiple points of view. Mark Kinnucan, 1992-1993, Modeling users' preferences for document delivery. Dik Lee, 1992-1993, Implementation of document ranking using signature files.
Developed
Developed SGML translation capabilities as part of Fred to
translate SGML 12083 mathematical markup to
Consultant to OCLC's Electronic Publishing Division.
Research Scientist, Office of Research, OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc., Dublin, Ohio, 1992-1994. Initiated the SGML Document Grammar Builder project to research structured documents. Automated structured document life cycle at OCLC from input to database build to document export. Project prototype written in Objective-C on NeXT machines. Produced a general purpose editor, corpus structural inference, structural rule composition and reduction, a grammar editor, a database description editor, an Overcite editor, and automated database build utilities. Ported the project libraries to C++ and Tcl/Tk for broader application, resulting in the creation of Fred.
Associate Research Scientist, Technology Assessment, OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc., Dublin, Ohio, 1990-1992. Performed various technology assessment experiments including preliminary work that resulted in the migration of mainframe applications to Unix. Managed parallel processing project. Wrote a parallel processing tutorial series. Served on software metrics steering task force. Researched campus information platforms based on Gopher, WAIS, and Archie.
Graduate Teaching Associate, The Ohio State University, 1988-1989. Taught structured programming courses in abstract data types, one semester at Columbus AT&T Bell Labs.
Systems Analyst, Asia-Pacific Nazarene Theological Seminary,
Database Consultant, The Lamb's Club,
Systems Analyst, PICO Pipe Threaders, Mount Vernon, Ohio, 1984-1986. Introduced and maintained computer accounting system.
K. Shafer. Generation and reduction of an SGML defined grammar. United States patent 5583762, December 1996.
K. Shafer. Web-based name services can improve access to resources. OCLC Newsletter, (246), pages 29-31, July/August 2000.
K. Shafer and T. Noreault. Name Services. IFLA Annual Conference.
K. Shafer. Open Name Services. See http://names.oclc.org/.
J. Stuler and K. Shafer. Wilson Select Study. Available at http://purl.oclc.org/scorpion/wilson/scorpws.html. May, 2000
K. Shafer. ARMs, OCLC Internet Services, and PURLs. Annual Review of OCLC Research 1999. Annual Review available at http://www.oclc.org/oclc/research/publications/review99/toc.htm. Article available at http://www.oclc.org/oclc/research/publications/review99/shafer/arms.htm
K. Shafer. CORC built using toolkit developed in Mantis project. OCLC Newsletter, (239), page 34, May/June 1999.
K. Shafer. Mantis, a flexible cataloging toolkit. Available via http://purl.oclc.org/mantis/toolkit.html, 1998.
K. Shafer. The Mantis project. Available via http://purl.oclc.org/mantis, 1998.
K. Shafer, S. Subramanian, and J. Fausey. Measures for Evaluating Automatic Subject Assignment of Electronic Resources. Available at http://purl.oclc.org/scorpion/measures.html, 1998.
K. Shafer. Evaluating Scorpion results. Available at http://www.oclc.org/oclc/research/publications/review97/shafer/eval_scorpion/eval_sc.html or http://purl.oclc.org/scorpion/eval_sc.html, 1997.
K. Shafer and T. Surface. Migrating JaSSI research to Development. Available at http://www.oclc.org/oclc/research/publications/review97/shafer/javaserver/jassi.htm or http://purl.oclc.org/keith/jassi/migrate.html, 1997.
S. Subramanian and K. Shafer. Clustering. Available at http://purl.oclc.org/scorpion/clustering.html, 1997.
K. Shafer. Scorpion helps catalog the Web. Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science, (24):1, page 28, October/November 1997. Also available at http://purl.oclc.org/scorpion/b-asis.html.
J. Fausey and K. Shafer. All my data is in SGML. Now what? JASIS Special Topic Issue: Structured Information/Standards for Document Architectures, (48):7, pages 638--643, July 1997.
R. Thompson, K. Shafer, and D. Vizine-Goetz. Evaluating Dewey concepts as a knowledge base for automatic subject assignment. 2nd ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries. Also available via http://purl.oclc.org/scorpion/eval_dc.html, 1997.
K. Shafer and B. Watson. Collaborating to create and maintain metadata. OCLC Newsletter, (225), January/February 1997.
K. Shafer. Use of the OCLC PURL Service. Annual Review of OCLC Research 1996, pages 53--54, 1997.
K. Shafer. Automatic subject assignment via Scorpion. Annual Review of OCLC Research 1996, pages 20--21, 1997.
K. Shafer. Kilroy: An Internet research project. Annual Review of OCLC Research 1996, pages 44--45, 1997.
K. Shafer. The Scorpion project. Available via http://purl.oclc.org/scorpion, 1996.
K. Shafer. OCLC PURL Services. Available via http://purl.oclc.org/, 1996.
K. Shafer. The Kilroy project. Available via http://purl.oclc.org/kilroy, 1996.
K. Shafer, S. Weibel, E. Jul, and J. Fausey. Introduction to Persistent Uniform Resource Locators. INET96, 1996.
K. Shafer. Scorpion project explores using Dewey to organize the Web. OCLC Newsletter, (222):20, July/August 1996.
K. Shafer. A brief introduction to Scorpion. Available via http://purl.oclc.org/scorpion/bintro.html, 1996.
K. Shafer and R. Thompson. Scorpion: Dewey database design. Available via http://purl.oclc.org/scorpion/dewey_db_design.html, 1996.
K. Shafer, S. Weibel, and E. Jul. The PURL project. Annual Review of OCLC Research 1995, pages 25--26, 1996.
J. Fausey and K. Shafer. World Wide Web access to Fred. Annual Review of OCLC Research 1995, pages 20--22, 1996.
R. Thompson and K. Shafer. Embedded systems experience and views. Annual Review of OCLC Research 1995, pages 27--29, 1996.
K. Shafer. Persistent URL demo page. Available via http://purl.oclc.org/OCLC/PURL/demo, 1996.
S. Weibel, E. Jul, and K. Shafer. PURLs: Persistent Uniform Resource Locators. Available via http://purl.oclc.org/OCLC/PURL/summary, 1996.
K. Shafer. Creating DTDs via the GB-Engine and Fred. To appear in SGML: The World Tour, SoftQuad Inc., 1996.
K. Shafer and R. Thompson. Translating mathematical markup for electronic documents. To appear in SGML: The World Tour, SoftQuad Inc., 1996.
K. Shafer. Manipulating tagged text. To appear in SGML: The World Tour, SoftQuad Inc., 1996.
K. Shafer. Fred: The SGML grammar builder. Fred's WWW home page and services. Available via http://www.oclc.org/fred, 1995.
K. Shafer and M. Ahuja. Implementation of Hierarchical F-Channels for high-performance distributed computing. IEEE Distributed Computing, (8):211-218, 1995.
K. Shafer. Creating DTDs via the GB-Engine and Fred. In SGML '95 Conference Proceedings, page 399. GCA, 1995. (Note that a publication error truncated the paper. The complete paper is available via http://www.oclc.org/fred/docs/sgml95.html.)
K. Shafer and R. Thompson. Translating mathematical markup for electronic documents. In World Wide Web Journal (Fourth International World Wide Web Conference Proceedings), pages 323-332. O'Reilly & Associates, Inc., December 1995.
B. Watson and K. Shafer. Creating custom SGML DTDs for documentation products. In SIGDOC '95 The 13th Annual International Conference on Systems Documentation, pages 189-196. ACM, 1995.
R. Noble and K. Shafer. Consumer online hype and hoopla. Information Today, 12(10):20-21, November 1995.
K. E. Shafer, E. J. Miller, V. M. Tkac, and S. L. Weibel. URN Services (second version). IETF draft. ftp://cnri.reston.va.us/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-uri-urn-resolution-01.txt and archived at http://www.oclc.org:5046/oclc/research/publications/shafer/urn/draft01.txt and http://www.oclc.org:5046/oclc/research/publications/shafer/urn/draft01.html. June, 1995.
K. E. Shafer, E. J. Miller, V. M. Tkac, and S. L. Weibel. URN Services. IETF draft. ftp://ds.internic.net/internet-drafts/draft-shafer-uri-urn-resolution-00.txt and archived at http://www.oclc.org:5046/oclc/research/publications/shafer/urn/draft00.txt and http://www.oclc.org:5046/oclc/research/publications/shafer/urn/draft00.html. June, 1995.
K. Shafer. HotJava is brewing. OCLC Newsletter, (216):18, July/August 1995.
K. Shafer. Can new Web browsers improve electronic access? The Grapevine, (1)2, 1995.
K. Shafer. Manipulating tagged text. In Annual Review of OCLC Research 1994, page 26. OCLC, 1995.
K. Shafer. Translating mathematical markup for electronic journals. In Annual Review of OCLC Research 1994, pages 27--28. OCLC, 1995.
K. Shafer and R. Thompson. Introduction to translating tagged text via the SGML Document Grammar Builder Engine. Currently available at http://www.oclc.org/fred/docs/papers/p02.html, February 1995.
B. Watson and K. Shafer. The "hidden" obstacles to supporting general SGML presentation systems. Currently available at http://www.oclc.org/fred/docs/panjasis.html, December 1995.
K. Shafer. Generation and reduction of an SGML defined grammar. United States patent application, August 1994.
K. Shafer. SGML grammar structure. In Annual Review of OCLC Research July 1992-June 1993, pages 39--40, 1994.
K. Shafer and M. Ahuja. Distributed modeling and implementation of high performance communication architectures. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, pages 56--65. IEEE, 1993.
K. Shafer and M. Ahuja. Process-Channel-agent-Process model of asynchronous distributed communication. In Proceedings of the Twelfth IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, pages 4--11. IEEE, 1992.
K. Shafer and M. Ahuja. Programmer's manual to a C++ implementation of Hierarchical F-Channels. Technical Report OSU-CISRC-6/92-TR-18, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University, June 1992.
K. Shafer. Modeling, implementing, and tools for studying logical process-to-process channels in asynchronous distributed systems. PhD Thesis, The Ohio State University, March 1992.
K. Shafer and M. Ahuja. Refinement of the Process-Channel-Process model for distributed implementation of Hierarchical Flush Channels. Technical Report OSU-CISRC-12/91 TR29, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University, December 1991.
K. Shafer and M. Ahuja. Process-Channel-Process model of asynchronous distributed communication. Technical Report OSU-CISRC-7/91 TR19, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University, July 1991.
K. Shafer. Two-way numerically controlled process-to-process, asynchronous distributed communication. Technical Report OSU-CISRC-10/90 TR28, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University, October 1990.
K. Shafer. The relative primality of Flush primitives for asynchronous distributed communication. Technical Report OSU-CISRC-8/90 TR25, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University, August 1990.
K. Shafer and M. Singhal. A correct priority-based probe algorithm for distributed deadlock detection and resolution and proof of its correctness. Technical Report OSU-CISRC-4/89 TR16, Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University, April 1989.
Open Name Services. Society of Scholarly Publishing's 2000 Top Management Roundtable. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. September, 2000.
Open Name Services. NISO/DLF/CrossRef Workshop on Localization in Reference Linking. CNRI, Reston, Virginia. July, 2000.
Open Name Services. ALA OCLC/Vendor Update Session. Chicago, Illinois. July, 2000.
Ahead of the curve: Developing technologies for libraries. SOLINET Annual Meeting & Conference, Atlanta, Georgia. April, 2000.
Mantis and CORC (Distributed CORC). Harvard University Library, Cambridge, MA. November, 1999.
Mantis overview and OpenCat discussion. Marketing Reference and Reference Sharing Division meeting, Dublin, Ohio. September, 1999.
Mantis background for Web-based cataloging projects (OpenCat). Library Resources Division meeting, Dublin, Ohio. August, 1999.
Mantis and CORC. WILSWorld '99, Madison, Wisconsin. June, 1999.
Mantis, CORC, RDF, and XML. Office of Research Review for Marketing. Dublin, Ohio. May, 1999.
The CORC System. OCLC CORC Participants Meeting, Dublin, Ohio. April, 1999.
CORC, Toolkits, and RDF. OCLC Research/Development Technology Transfer, Dublin, Ohio. March, 1999.
Introduction to the Mantis toolkit and CORC application. HEPAC, Dublin, Ohio. November, 1998.
Organizing the Internet: The Power of Librarians. EDUCOM '98, Orlando, Florida. October, 1998.
Cataloging Resources Using Mantis. OCLC Users Council Meeting, Collection and Technical Services Committee, Dublin, Ohio. October, 1997.
Scorpion and automatic subject assignment for electronic resources. DDC Editorial Policy Committee Meeting, Library of Congress, Washington DC, May, 1998.
Dublin Core and the Resource Description Framework. WILSWorld '98, Madison, Wisconsin. May, 1998.
Network PCs. OCLC Access Services Advisory Committee, Dublin, Ohio. March, 1998.
Problem solving in leadership. Mount Vernon Nazarene College, Mount Vernon, Ohio. March, 1998.
What does the future hold? Scorpion and automatic subject assignment. Military Librarians Workshop '97, Dayton, Ohio. November, 1997.
Scorpion and automatic subject assignment for electronic resources. Knowledge Access Management, OCLC Institute, Dublin, Ohio. November, 1997.
Scorpion and automatic subject assignment for web search engines. 1997 AMIGOS Fall Conference, Dallas, Texas. November, 1997.
Scorpion advances Dewey. Dewey Summit at OCLC, Dublin, Ohio. October, 1997.
Ordering electronic documents via Scorpion. LITA Artificial Intelligence/Expert Systems Interest Group meeting at ALA, San Francisco, California. June 1997.
Introduction to OCLC's Java Server Side Interpreter (JaSSI). OCLC SiteSearch Breakfast, ALA, San Francisco, California. June 1997.
Thin clients: The network computer rage. OCLC Users Council Meeting, Communications & Access Interest Group, Dublin, Ohio. May, 1997.
Introduction to network computers. Florida Library Association 74th Annual Conference & Exhibition, Daytona Beach, Florida. May, 1997.
RONDAC technology briefing: Network computers. RONDAC, Dublin, Ohio. May, 1997.
Tools for the digital library: Research projects at OCLC. Mount Vernon Nazarene College, Mount Vernon, Ohio. April, 1997.
Impacting the scientific world as a Christian. Natural Sciences Division Colloquium, Mount Vernon Nazarene College, Mount Vernon, Ohio. April, 1997.
Impacting OCLC research from OSU. The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. January, 1997.
Tools for the digital library: Research projects at OCLC. OHIONET Directors' Forum, Akron, Ohio. October, 1996.
Scorpion's use of Java. Windows on the Web: The Java Environment, Preconference workshop of the LITA/LAMA National Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. October, 1996.
Tools for the digital library: Research projects at OCLC. CAPCON 1996 Annual Membership Meeting, Silver Spring, Maryland. June, 1996.
Multimedia applications: Internet Communication. RONDAC, Dublin, Ohio. May, 1996.
Scorpion: OCLC's answer to Yahoo! Advisory Committee on College & University Libraries, Dublin, Ohio. April, 1996.
Creating DTDs via Fred. Lexis-Nexis, Miamisburg, Ohio. April, 1996.
Persistent Uniform Resource Locators (PURLs). Lexis-Nexis, Miamisburg, Ohio. April, 1996.
Persistent Uniform Resource Locators (PURLs). Naming Objects in the Digital Library Panel, First ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries, Bethesda, Maryland. March, 1996.
Creating DTDs via Fred. TEI Workshop, First ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries, Bethesda, Maryland. March, 1996.
Java & HotJava. OCLC Users Council Meeting, Communications & Access Interest Group, Columbus, Ohio. February, 1996.
Creating DTDs via Fred. Columbia University, New York, New York. February, 1996.
Persistent Uniform Resource Locators (PURLs). Columbia University, New York, New York. February, 1996.
Creating DTDs via Fred. Chemical Abstracts Service, Columbus, Ohio. February, 1996.
Persistent Uniform Resource Locators (PURLs). Chemical Abstracts Service, Columbus, Ohio. February, 1996.
Creating DTDs via the GB-Engine and Fred. SGML '95, Boston, Massachusetts. December, 1995.
Creating custom SGML DTDs for documentation products. SIGDOC '95 The 13th Annual International Conference on Systems Documentation, Savannah, Georgia. October, 1995.
Distributed modeling and implementation of high performance communication architectures. Thirteenth IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. May, 1993.
Last updated 01/03/2008.